Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Efficacy Review of Computers, Strategies, QEEG-Guided Biofeedback, and Medications

The effective remediation of the traumatic brain injured patient is problematic. Cognitive rehabilitation programs are often not offered to patients due to poor clinical results. This paper reviews the empirical reports of changes in cognitive functioning after treatment and compares the relative effectiveness of several treatments including computer interventions, cognitive strategies, EEG biofeedback, and medications. The cognitive functions that are reviewed include auditory memory, attention and problem solving. The significance of the change in cognitive function is assessed in three ways that include effect size, multiple measures of effectiveness and longevity of effect. These analyses complement the previously published meta-reviews by adding these three criteria and include reports of an intervention method called EEG biofeedback.